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| c. 208 |
| | | Ardashir is crowned king of Fars - a first step towards his founding of the Sassanian dynasty in Persia | |
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| c. 230 |
| | | Ardashir, the Persian king, commissions a relief of himself in triumphant mood - carved high on a rock face at Naqsh-e Rustam | |
|  | Naqsh-e-Rustam
Fotofile CG
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| c. 250 |
| | | The Persian prophet Mani establishes the dualistic Manichaean religion | |
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| 637 |
| | | The Arabs defeat a Persian army at Kadisiya and then sack the city of Ctesiphon, effectively bringing to an end the Sassanian dynasty | |
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| 644 |
| | | A document makes the first known reference to windmills, in use in Persia | |
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| c. 800 |
| | | Nestorian beliefs become the orthodoxy of the Christian community in Persia, spreading from there to India and China | |
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| c. 866 |
| | | The eastern part of the Persian empire comes under the control of the Saffarid dynasty | |
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| c. 900 |
| | | Zoroastrians migrate from Muslim Persia to India, where they become known as Parsees | |
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| c. 1010 |
| | | Firdausi completes his great chronicle of Persian history, the Shah-nama, which becomes established as Iran's national epic | |
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| c. 1020 |
| | | The Persian scholar Avicenna, author of encyclopedic works on philosophy and medicine, spends the last part of his life in Isfahan | |
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